ASME Y14.13M-1981 机械弹簧图示
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【英文标准名称】:Mechanicalspringrepresentation
【原文标准名称】:机械弹簧图示
【标准号】:ASMEY14.13M-1981
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1981
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国机械工程师协会(ASME)
【起草单位】:ASME
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:工程图;弹簧;压缩弹簧;扭力弹簧;图纸;螺旋弹簧;尺寸选定;尺寸
【英文主题词】:Compressionsprings;Dimensioning;Dimensions;Drawings;Engineeringdrawings;Helicalsprings;Metric;Springs;Torsionsprings
【摘要】:ThisStandardestablishesuniformmethodsforspecifyingendproductdataondrawingsformechanicalsprings.Amechanicalspringisdefinedasanelasticbodywhosemechanicalfunctionistostoreenergywhendeflectedbyaforceandtoreturntheequivalentamountofenergyuponbeingrelease.
【中国标准分类号】:J26
【国际标准分类号】:01_100_20;21_160
【页数】:26P;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:Nanotechnologies—Generationofmetalnanoparticlesforinhalationtoxicitytestingusingtheevaporation/condensationmethod
【原文标准名称】:纳米技术.利用蒸发/缩合法的吸入法毒性测试用金属纳米粒子的产生
【标准号】:ISO10801-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:2010-12-15
【实施或试行日期】:2010-12-15
【发布单位】:国际标准化组织(IX-ISO)
【起草单位】:ISO/TC229
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:冷凝;定义(术语);电解;电解分析法;蒸发;纤维;发电;金;吸入;质量浓度;材料测试;测量;测量技术;方法;分析方法;纳米技术;粒度;粒径分析;颗粒;颗粒物质的测定;银;规范(验收);测试;有毒物质;毒性
【英文主题词】:Condensation;Definitions;Electroanalysis;Electro-analyticalmethods;Evaporation;Fibres;Generation;Gold;Inhalation;Massconcentration;Materialstesting;Measurement;Measuringtechniques;Methods;Methodsofanalysis;Nanotechnology;Particlesize;Particlesizeanalysis;Particles;Particulatemattermeasurement;Silver;Specification(approval);Testing;Toxicmaterials;Toxicity
【摘要】:ThisInternationalStandardgivesrequirementsandrecommendationsforgeneratingmetalnanoparticlesasaerosolssuitableforinhalationtoxicitytestingbytheevaporation/condensationmethod.Itsapplicationislimitedtometalssuchasgoldandsilverwhichhavebeenproventogeneratenanoparticlessuitableforinhalationtoxicitytestingusingthetechniqueitspecifies(seeAnnexA).
【中国标准分类号】:G04
【国际标准分类号】:07_030
【页数】:30P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforAssessingtheHazardofaMaterialtoAquaticOrganismsandTheirUses
【原文标准名称】:评定材料对水生生物及其使用中存在的危险性的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTME1023-1984(2007)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1984
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E47.04
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:危险物质;试验;污染控制
【英文主题词】:biological;chemical;environment;toxicological;measuring;estimate;hazard
【摘要】:Adverseeffectsonnaturalpopulationsofaquaticorganismsandtheiruseshavedemonstratedtheneedtoassessthehazardsofmanynew,andsomepresentlyused,materials.Theprocessdescribedhereinwillhelpproducers,users,regulatoryagencies,andotherstoefficientlyandadequatelycomparealternativematerials,completelyassessafinalcandidatematerial,orreassessthehazardofamaterialalreadyinuse.Sequentialassessmentandfeedbackallowappropriatejudgmentsconcerningefficientuseofresources,therebyminimizingunnecessarytestingandfocusingeffortontheinformationmostpertinenttoeachmaterial.Fordifferentmaterialsandsituations,assessmentofhazardwillappropriatelybebasedonsubstantiallydifferentamountsandkindsofbiological,chemical,physical,andtoxicologicaldata.Assessmentofthehazardofamaterialtoaquaticorganismsandtheirusesshouldneverbeconsideredcompleteforalltime.Reassessmentshouldbeconsiderediftheamountofproduction,use,ordisposalincreases,newusesarediscovered,ornewinformationonbiological,chemical,physical,ortoxicologicalpropertiesbecomesavailable.Periodicreviewwillhelpassurethatnewcircumstancesandinformationreceivepromptappropriateattention.Ifthereissubstantialtransformationtoanothermaterial,thehazardofbothmaterialsmayneedtobeassessed.Inmanycases,considerationofadverseeffectsshouldnotendwithcompletionofthehazardassessment.Additionalstepsshouldoftenincluderiskassessment,decisionsconcerningacceptabilityofidentifiedhazardsandrisks,andmitigativeactions.Becausethispracticedealsmostlywithadverseeffectsonaquaticorganismsandtheiruses,itisimportantthatmitigativeactions,suchasimprovedtreatmentofaqueouseffluents,notresultinunacceptableeffectsonnon-aquaticorganisms.Thus,thisstandardshouldbeusedwithotherinformationinordertoassesshazardtobothaquaticandnon-aquaticorganisms.1.1Thisguidedescribesastepwiseprocessforusinginformationconcerningthebiological,chemical,physical,andtoxicologicalpropertiesofamaterialtoidentifyadverseeffectslikelytooccurtoaquaticorganismsandtheirusesasaresultofreleaseofthematerialtotheenvironment.Thematerialwillusuallybeaspecificchemical,althoughitmightbeagroupofchemicalsthathaveverysimilarbiological,chemical,physical,andtoxicologicalpropertiesandareusuallyproduced,used,anddiscardedtogether.1.2Thehazardassessmentprocessiscomplexandrequiresdecisionsatanumberofpoints;thus,thevalidityofahazardassessmentdependsonthesoundnessofthosedecisions,aswellastheaccuracyoftheinformationused.Alldecisionsshouldbebasedonreasonableworst-caseanalysessothatanappropriateassessmentcanbecompletedfortheleastcostthatisconsistentwithscientificvalidity.1.3Thisguideassumesthatthereaderisknowledgeableinaquatictoxicologyandrelatedpertinentareas.Alistofgeneralreferencesisprovided().1.4Thisguidedoesnotdescribeorreferencedetailedproceduresforestimatingormeasuringenvironmentalconcentrations,orproceduresfordeterminingthemaximumconcentrationoftestmaterialthatisacceptableinthefoodofpredatorsofaquaticlife.However,thisguidedoesdescribehowsuchinformationshouldbeusedwhenassessingthehazardofamaterialtoaquaticorganismsandtheiruses.1.5Becauseassessmentofhazardtoaquaticorganismsandtheirusesisarelativelynewactivitywithinaquatictoxicology,mostoftheguidanceprovidedhereinisqualitativeratherthanquantitative.Whenpossible,confidencelimitsshouldbecalculatedandtakenintoaccount.1.6Thisguideprovidesguidanceforassess......
【中国标准分类号】:Z04
【国际标准分类号】:07_100_20
【页数】:17P.;A4
【正文语种】:
